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SENIT 9 - это обычная современная общекорабельная БИУС


"Уменьшенный" вариант БИУС SENIT 8 авианосца Charles de Gaulle и эсминцев типа Horizon. И продавать ее России никто не собирается, уважаемый Артем.

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Date Posted: 23-Jun-2009

Jane's Naval Weapon Systems

SENIT


Type

Tactical picture compilation and target designation system.

Development

SENIT (Systeme d'Exploitation Navale des Informations Tactiques) evolved from the early 1960s through French involvement in the American NTDS.

Development began in 1963 and was conducted by the CPM (Centre de Programmation de la Marine), an organisation created specifically to produce tactical data handling systems for the French Navy. In 1994, this organisation was integrated into the Integration de Systemes de Commandant (ISC) at Le Mourillon, Toulon. The SENIT 1 system entered service in the destroyer Suffren, which was commissioned in July 1967. As with all the early SENIT systems it was a derivative of NTDS for use in fleet and ship air defence using similar software and hardware, the latter built under licence. The most important difference between SENIT and NTDS is that the former is used not only to compile the tactical picture but also to designate targets to weapon systems.

SENIT 1 was later retrofitted into the cruiser Colbert (which was decommissioned in 1991) and was replaced in the Suffren class by SENIT 2 when the two ships completed refits in September 1989 and March 1991. SENIT 2 was a development of SENIT 1, and all systems were retrofitted. The Surcouf-class destroyers received theirs from 1968, the Duperre-class destroyers in 1969-71 and the Clemenceau-class aircraft carriers theirs in 1978-80, (Foch's system having been formerly installed in the T 53-class destroyer Tartu). Plans to install the system in the helicopter carrier Jeanne d'Arc were abandoned for financial reasons.

It would appear SENIT 2 was developed in association with the West German Navy and was anticipated as a European NTDS until the Germans later followed a different path to create SATIR. SENIT 3 was designed specifically for ASW vessels. It entered service when the Aconit was commissioned in March 1973 and was fitted in the Tourville class destroyers.

However, the French desire for autonomy in naval electronics, as well as different operational perceptions, led to increasing diversion from the original NTDS concept. An ASW element was incorporated from SENIT 3 and when SENIT 4 entered service in December 1979 in the destroyer Georges Leygues it incorporated a French software language as well as French hardware.

The SENIT 6 system continued this evolutionary process to introduce a federated architecture. This system was designed for the Cassard class air defence destroyers and entered service with the commissioning of the Cassard in July 1988. Development of a system for the proposed nuclear aircraft carrier (Porte-Avions Nucleaires or PAN) began circa 1985 and was originally designated Systeme Integre du Systeme de Combat PAN (SISC-PAN), but in the early 1990s this was redesignated SENIT 8. It entered service when the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle was commissioned in May 2001.

In July 1989, French Navy headquarters issued an invitation to tender for a simplified tactical data handling system (Systeme d'Exploitation Simplifie d'Information Tactique or SESIT). It was intended for some of the D'Estienne d'Orves (A 69) and Floreal-class frigates as well as the Foudre (TCD 90)-class LSD, but this plan was abandoned, apparently for financial reasons as was a similar CPM SENIT system for smaller warships, SENIT Petit Batiments. The latter was replaced for export purposes by derivatives of the SENIT 8 system first revealed at Euronaval in October 1994 as SENIT 8-100/200/300/400, subsequently renamed SENIT 8.01/02/03/04.

A smaller version of SENIT 8, SENIT 9, was selected for the Mistral-class amphibious assault ships (Batiment de Projection et de Commandement).

This system, trialled by the French Navy in the frigate Germinal, was selected as the foundation of the Brazilian Siconta II and for the Royal Norwegian Navy's FAC programmes as SENIT 2000. A contract for the latter worth USD117 million was signed on 26 June 1997 with a USD124 million option to supply the new Skjold class FACs. The first three systems in the Hauk-class FACs, KNM Stegg, Jo and Teist, were handed over on 7 November 2001. SENIT 8 is also the basis for the French Navy's OP3A ship self-defence system and Minetac mine countermeasures system, the latter selected for Turkey in October 1997.

The terms SENIT 5 and SENIT 7 were assigned semi-officially to the Thomson-CSF (now Thales) TAVITAC and TAVITAC 2000 systems, which were developed as private ventures. It is believed the SENIT designations were assigned either when the systems were evaluated by CPM or when the latter was preparing software for them.

In 2001 it was announced that France was developing a European alternative to the American Co-operative Engagement Capability (CEC). The Tenue Situation Multi-Platform (TSMP) was being developed by DCN and Thales as a real-time data fusion system.

Because France anticipates operating with a wide variety of forces, each having different sensors and fusion processors, the interface will have to be at a higher level than the sensors. A major challenge is selecting the data, which will be shared, but this is common through-out networked operations.

The need to integrate existing communications into the netcentric, networkcentric or Network Enabled Capability (NEC) is causing considerable problems for the world's armed forces including navies. Thales is addressing this problem with a top-down and bottom-up approach. The company is targeting a number of navies with the objective of exploiting their existing communications equipment within a network environment.

A key element in the approach is the use of simulation to define the customer's requirements and technology before developing the way to integrate this into the network environment. The company is already developing this expertise and is working in a programme for the French Navy which will integrate 60 ships, six submarines, 22 maritime patrol aircraft and two shore-based command centres: Naval Force Intranet (RIFAN).

RIFAN is the Thales-developed IP-based naval force intranet using a federated network and compatible with COTS network products while being compatible with existing communications equipment. The system also has the advantage of being scalable to meet the customer's needs at all levels while the development of software radios provides armed forces with the interoperability they need in multinational coalitions.

Description

SENIT is designed to compile a tactical picture around major warships and task groups using on-board and off-board sensors. The architecture of the system has changed radically since it entered service with the first three systems all being mainframe ones using CS-1 software language derived from Assembler. The general-purpose computers were designed to store tactical situation data and transmit the relevant data to the display systems and, through weapon control consoles, to weapons. In addition to running the display systems, the computers transmitted tactical situation data via communications links (Link 11 and Link 14) to other elements of the task group.

SENIT 1 featured three computers, one of which was a back-up unit. The others were responsible for accepting radar data on the air and surface situation and threat evaluation/data display respectively. SENIT 2 has three computers (except in the T 53 class which had two, while the T 47 A/A had one) while SENIT 3 has two. The computers are versions of the Univac CP-642 (US designation AN/UYK-20), a 32-bit processor with a 96 k memory, which is capable of 125 kops. They are supported by a control desk, a magnetic tape unit and a paper tape unit. These three systems are capable of monitoring 128 tracks simultaneously.

The mainframe architecture was retained in SENIT 4 supplemented by the P2MS, a ruggedised derivative of the Compagnie Internationale pour l'Informatique (CII) Iris 35 M 16-bit mini-computer. This has a 256 k memory and originally used LTR 2 (a derivative of Pascal) software language. Peripherals which may be used include the control desk, a paper tape unit and magnetic disk drives. The system can monitor 120 tracks.

SENIT 6 has adopted a federated architecture involving seven CIMSA Sintra 15 M/125X 32-bit mini-computers (derivatives of the Mitra 125), with an eighth to be added for Link 16. The computers have a modular memory of between 64 k and 512 k words in 64 k word sections, with an operating speed of 1 Mips. One computer is kept in reserve while the others are responsible for specific functions: search, electronic warfare/links, anti-ship engagements/ship defence, displays, and the area air defence missile system. They are linked through a Dassault Electronique (formerly Electronique Serge Dassault) Bus Standard Marine, also known as Digibus, local area network capable of 1 Mbyte/s. The software language is LTR 2, and the system has between 1.5 and 2 million lines of code. SENIT 6 can monitor 250 tracks simultaneously.

The first three systems use the same Hughes AN/UYA-4 consoles used in NTDS. The consoles, which were manufactured under licence by Thomson-CSF, have a 30 cm PPI display for the presentation of raw video data and also for the presentation of a synthetic picture. Each display can present up to 70 tracks and 96 symbols together with a marker and a close control symbol, as well as alphanumeric data.

In the Clemenceau class SENIT 2 systems there were nine consoles and a V6 TER horizontal display while the Suffren class uses 10 consoles (T 47 and T 53 destroyers had five consoles). The SENIT 3 system in the now decommissioned Aconit had eight consoles, while there are 10 with a PLAD automatic plotting table in the Tourville class. The SENIT 3 consoles were supplemented by four small TV screens to present alphanumeric data.

The SENIT 4 system uses the Vizir display subsystem. This has a 16 in (40.6 cm) PPI monochrome screen which can display up to 130 tracks, 23 lines or vectors as well as 12 lines of 18 characters of alphanumeric data. The MMI includes programmed keyboard and rollerball. There are seven consoles and two Precilec E8000 automatic plotting tables in SENIT 4.

The GVM display used in SENIT 6 has a 40 cm monochrome display with interchangeable and fixed function keys and a rollerball. Other 19 in (48.25 cm) displays are used for presenting alphanumeric data. There are 11 one-man consoles and a two-man console for the commanding officer and the tactical action officer. The display systems are supplemented by two E8000 plotting tables. The E8000 can display up to 20 tracks and provide up to 30 historical tracks. SENIT 6 is unusual in possessing an electronic warfare co-ordination embedded software module. The module has been developed by Thomson-CSF's (now Thales) RCM Division and Dassault Electronique and acts as a management processor for ECM and ESM subsystems. An improved version in a dedicated workstation has been marketed as EWC2.

A summary of the various SENIT systems is shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Type Computer Number Software Display Consoles

SENIT 1 Univac 1212 3 CS 1 UYA-4 10
SENIT 2 Univac 1212 3 CS 1 UYA-4 9
SENIT 2 Univac 1212 2 CS 1 UYA-4 5
SENIT 3 Univac 1230 2 CS 1 UYA-4 10
SENIT 3 Univac 1230 2 CS 1 UYA-4 8
SENIT 4 P2MS 1 LTR 2 Vizir 7
SENIT 61 15 M/125X 7 LTR 2 GVM 12
SENIT 8/92 HP PA-RISC 8 Ada/C++ Calisto 24
SENIT 2000 PowerPC n/k n/k n/k 4/5

Notes:
1.The titles SENIT 5 and SENIT 7 were allocated to TAVITAC and TAVITAC 2000.
2.SENIT 9 is a smaller SENIT 8 derivative for the Mistral class.


SENIT 8 is a distributed architecture system based upon eight Hewlett-Packard 50 MHz PA-RISC processors in four cabinets and Calisto workstations linked through a dual-redundant Ethernet ED.103 local area network. The latter is a down-rated version of Dassault Electronique's Recital real-time deterministic network protocol and operates at 10 Mbytes/s. The system will interface with the Aidcomer command assistance system.

The processor cabinets, each of which has provision for a third if extra capacity is required, feature an HP/RT real-time exploitation system. One cabinet will support command and control functions while the three others will be responsible for sensors, weapons and datalinks. The system will use about 1 million lines of Ada language software with a further 400,000 lines of 'C++' language software for workstation graphics processing.

There are 24 Calisto workstations (with space for a 25th for the SLAT torpedo defence system), of which nine will be single-screen units for picture compilation while the remainder will have dual screens. Five consoles will be used with the prime sensors, such as the DRBJ-11B 3-D long-range and DRBV 26D 2-D medium-range air search radars, the DRBV 15B air/surface search radar, the Arabel self-defence system radar (associated with SAAM/F), the Vampir MB IRST and the electronic warfare system (linked to the ARBR-21 ESM and ARBB-33 ECM systems and ABML 2a decoy launchers) while another will be used with the datalink subsystem which will handle Links 11, 14 and 16.

Five consoles are assigned to the air control centre, one each to the OP3A close-in weapon system, air picture and surface/subsurface picture compilation. The remaining 10 are for the combat team including the commanding officer, his tactical officer and anti-air warfare co-ordinator.

SENIT may be complemented by the Matra-CAP Systemes Aidcomer command support system. This has a land-based central database with encyclopaedic data on ships and their systems together with operational data on areas, logistic situation, intelligence and so on. This data may be provided to the SENIT system through dedicated receiver terminals through various standard datalinks or through the French satellite communications system.

'Commercial' versions of the SENIT 8 system are being offered based upon COTS (Commercial Off-The-Shelf) hardware or Calisto. A COTS system would feature a Sun workstation with UNIX operating system, Solaris VME tactical computer, a 20 in (50.8 cm) flat screen and 2 Gbytes of data storage. SENIT 8.01 is an AsuW/AAW self-defence system for OPVs, large auxiliaries or paramilitary vessels, as well as being the basis of Minetac. SENIT 8.2/02 was originally for FACs while SENIT 8.3/03 was for corvettes. SENIT 8.02 and SENIT 8.03 are now for both corvettes and frigates with the former capable of ASuW and AAW or ASW, while the latter is capable of performing all three missions simultaneously. There was a SENIT 8.4 for frigates and SENIT 8.5 for larger warships to aircraft carrier but the product range now has SENIT 8.04 for aircraft carriers or major warships and is capable of AAW, ASW, ASuW and task force command/control. At the simplest system, SENIT 8.01, there are two workstations but the numbers increase (six to 13 in SENIT 8.03) to a maximum of 25 in SENIT 8.04.

The SENIT 8 system in the Forbin-class destroyers is designed to track up to 1,000 targets simultaneously. It features 10 Solaris tactical computers of which two are for training/simulation and the remainder are divided evenly between operational and stand-by functions. The system features 24 consoles.

In SENIT 2000 there are KD2000 twin flat screen workstations using PowerPC processors and a Linux operating system which will be linked by an Ethernet-standard (10 Mb/s) local area network. The MMI includes two touch panels, a QWERTY keyboard, a joystick and roller ball. The Hauk class system has four consoles (tactical officer, tactical picture compiler, and two sensor/weapon operators) while the Skjold system has five (commanding officer, tactical officer, tactical picture compiler, sensor operator, and weapons operator).

Table 2

Country Class/Ship Type System Search radars Navigation radars Sonars

France Tourville DD
SENIT 3
DRBV 26A
DRBV 51B Racal Decca 1226 DUBV 23D
DSBX 1A1
DSBV 62C

Georges Leygues DD
SENIT 4
DRBV 26A
DRBV 51C(D 640-3)
DRBV 15A (D 644-6) DRBN-34A
Racal Decca 1226 DUBV (D 640-3)
DUBV 43B (D 640-3)
DUBV 24C (D 644-6)
DUBV 43C (D644-6)
DSBV 61B (D 644-6)

Cassard DD
SENIT 6
DRBJ 11B
DRBV 26C Racal Decca 1229 DUBA 25A (D 614)
DUBV 24C (D 615)

Charles de Gaulle CV
SENIT 8
DRBJ 11 B
DRBV 26D
DRBV 15C Racal Decca 1229

Forbin DD
SENIT 8
DRBV 27, EMPAR SPN 753 4110CL

Foudre LPH
SENIT 8
DRBV 21A Decca 2459/DRBN 34A

Mistral LPH
SENIT 9
MRR Decca Bridgemaster

Norway Hauk FAC
SENIT 2000
Litton Litton

Skjold FAC
SENIT 2000
MRR n/k

Saudi Arabia Al Riyadh (Modified La Fayette) FF
SENIT 7
DRBV 26C Racal Decca 1226 Captas 20


Status

Approximately 35 SENIT systems (including development systems) have been ordered by or delivered to the French Navy. Norway has purchased SENIT 2000 systems for the Skjold and Hauk classes. In addition, five Minetac systems have been purchased by Turkey for MCMVs. SENIT is used, or scheduled for use, in the ships listed at Table 2.

Contractor

DCNS



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